Invention and innovation

Book By Vaclav Smil
Steel Production History
Look at this line: "Steel is the dominant metal of modern civilization, and by the early 1990s no open-hearth furnaces were being used in the EU, North America, and Japan to make it—basic oxygen furnaces had begun to displace them in the 1950s—but this nineteenth-century process (introduced to make steel during the 1860s) was still used in the last years of the USSR to make nearly half of the USSR’s metal output."
Truly remarkable that the Russians were behind on that one.
Masers!
I wasn't aware of masers! . What's a maser: microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation!(I hope that's correct)
I guess it's like radar and lidar
DDT(DichloroDiphenylTrichloroethane)
This is under chapter 2: "inventions that turned from welcome to undesirable"
Interesting to see how sometimes you have to just test things out in the real world and see how things turn out.